Real-Time Systems are computer systems that are designed to meet real-time constraints, meaning they must guarantee timely processing of data and respond within a specified time period.
They are often used in applications where a delay in processing can result in significant harm, such as in control systems for vehicles, medical equipment, and military systems. Real-time systems must provide predictable and consistent performance, regardless of the workload or system load. They also often use specialized scheduling algorithms to prioritize tasks and allocate system resources.
Types of Real-Time Systems
1. Hard Real Time System
A hard real time system guarantees that a job will complete within a specified time period. This system must ensure that all delays on processing, input and output are bounded The system cannot wait indefintely so the hard time systems are usually very limined. Thete generally no secondary storage such as disk drives as a disk request can take a variable ume to process
Some examples of a hard real time system are du software that run the autopilot in a jumbo jet or the imaging software on a mile.
2 Soft Real Time Systems
A soft real time system is a much less restrictive version of a hand real time system. A wit real time system does not guarantee that a job will complete within a specified time period. However, it tries its best to finish the job as soon as possible. If a critical real time job nters the system, the operating system may assign the highest priority to that task and execute it continuously until it completes
The lack of a guarantee makes a soft real time system more limited in its application for industrial activities. Soft real time systems are used in multimedia, virtual reality etc. The operating systems that provide soft realtime support are Windows NT/2000, Linux, Solaris
3 Hand-Held Systems
Hand-held systems include a personal digital assistant or PDA. It is a remarkable, ny, fully functional computer that can be held in one hand. PDA can hold downloaded email and play music.
The small computer organizers were available in 1980s. The idea of making hand-he computer for storing addresses and phone numbers, taking notes and keeping track of da appointments originated in 1990s. One of the first PDAs that was commercially available Apple Computer's Newton Message Pad. It was too big, expensive and complicated handwriting recognition program was poor.
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